Allen Joseph Bard 2019

Professor Allen Joseph Bard

 

Allen Bard received his B.Sc. in Chemistry from New York City College in 1955, and his M.A. and Ph.D. in Chemistry from Harvard University in 1956 and 1958, respectively. He joined the University of Texas as an instructor in 1958 and rose through the academic ranks to the Professorship of Chemistry in 1967. He held many endowed positions including the Sherman Mills Fairchild Scholar at California Institute of Technology and Woodward Visiting Professor at Harvard University. He has been the Hackerman-Welch Regents Chair in Chemistry, since 1985, and the Director of the Center for Electrochemistry at the University of Texas, since 2006.

While Professor Bard’s research has been focused on the field of electrochemistry, it has also broadly impacted all subdisciplines of chemistry as evident by his co-discovery of electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) in 1965, and its subsequent impact and development. He discovered that emissive excited states could be generated at electrode surfaces through highly energetic electron-transfer reactions. Professor Bard invented the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) in 1987, which has been used for very high-resolution electrochemical analysis and fabrication of surface reactions. His recent work has been focused on single-molecule electrochemistry, the application of electrochemical methods for display technologies, the study of individual catalyst particles and molecular electronics.

Professor Bard has published over 900 papers and 8 books, and holds more than 20 patents. He is a member of the editorial boards of several journals, including Journal of the American Chemical Society, Electrochimica Acta, New Journal of Chemistry, and NANO. He held leadership positions in several professional organizations, including the National Academy of Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Professor Bard has received numerous honors and awards including National Medal of Science, Olin-Palladium Medal and Priestley Medal.

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

Jean M.J. Frechet 2019

Professor Jean M.J. Frechet

 

Jean Frechet obtained his BSc. in Chemical Engineering from Institut de Chimie et Physique Industrielles, Lyon, France in 1967, followed by an MS and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Syracuse University, USA in 1969 and 1971, respectively. Then he joined the University of Ottawa in Canada from 1973 to 1987; he was also appointed as a Visiting Scientist at IBM Research Laboratory in San Jose, CA, USA, from 1979 to 1983. He joined Cornell University as IBM Professor of Chemistry from 1987 to 1997, and was appointed as Peter J. Debye Chair of Chemistry from 1993 to 1997. Professor Frechet joined the University of California, Berkeley in 1996 and held several academic positions including a Scientific Director of the Molecular Foundry of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and in 2011, he was named Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the same university. He was also appointed as a Senior Vice President of Research, Innovation & Economic Development at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia from 2010 to 2019. 

Professor Frechet co-developed the concept of chemically amplified photoresists with Grant Willson, thereby opening a new era in the fabrication and miniaturization of microelectronic devices, which have been the basis of nearly all the world’s microelectronic devices that have been made in the last two decades. His work on dendrimers has been used to explore a host of applications including the delivery of therapeutic materials. Similarly, the work done on macroporous polymers led to their quick commercialization for use in chemical and biological separations. Professor Frechet later developed innovative polymeric carriers for both drugs and vaccines as well as explored the fundamental design of electroactive polymers used today for organic field-effect transistors and solar cells.

Professor Frechet has published over 880 papers and holds over 100 patents. He is a member of the editorial boards of several journals and scientific Committees, and has also received numerous honors and awards including the Dickson Prize of science, Herman Mark Award, Nagoya Gold Medal, Grand Prix de la Maison de la Chimie and Japan Prize.

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

Steven L. Teitelbaum 2019

Professor Steven L. Teitelbaum

 

Steven Teitelbaum obtained his B.A. from Columbia College in New York and his M.D. from Washington University in St. Louis in 1964, where he rose through academic ranks to become Wilma and Roswell Messing Professor of Pathology, Immunology, and Medicine.

Professor Teitelbaum scientific studies included confirming the hematopoietic lineage of the osteoclast and the mechanisms by which the cell resorbs bone, which contributed to development of anti-osteoporosis drugs and understanding the importance of clinically arresting osteoclast function as opposed to formation. He documented that the αvβ3 integrin is central to osteoclast function and collaborated with industry to design the first specific inhibitor of the complex. His work has given major insights into the means by which inflammatory cytokines modulate osteoclast generation and its capacity to resorb bone contributing to effective therapy for joint destructive conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, he developed a new paradigm for the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis eventuating in a novel approach to its treatment. Moreover, his recent work defined the relationship of osteoclast to obesity and established that a new family of drugs, which do not activate PPARϒ, effectively treat type 2 diabetes without the fracture-predisposing properties of presently used thiazolidinediones.

Professor Teitelbaum has published over 340 papers, and over 50 books and book chapters. He is a member of the editorial boards of several journals, including Cell Metabolism and Experimental Medicine. He held leadership positions in several professional organizations, including the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Professor Teitelbaum received numerous honors and awards including the Ann Doner Vaughan Kappa Delta Award, NIAMS Guru Award, and Gideon A. Rodan Award.

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

Bjorn Reino Olsen 2019

Professor Bjorn Reino Olsen

Bjorn Olsen received his medical and doctoral degrees from the University of Oslo in 1967, where he became a faculty member at the Anatomical institute and conducted molecular studies on the structure of collagen. In 1971, he went to the United States to work with Professor Darwin Prockop, and one year later joined the faculty of the Department of Biochemistry, at Rutgers Medical School, now UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, where he was promoted to the rank of professor in 1976. In 1985, Professor Olsen was appointed the Hersey professor of anatomy and cellular biology at Harvard Medical School, becoming later a Hersey professor of cell biology. Since 1996, he has also been a senior member of the staff at the Forsyth Institute and a professor of developmental biology at Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) since 2002. ​​He was the Chairman at the Harvard-Forsyth Department of Oral Biology between 1996-2002, and the Dean for research at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine between 2005-2017. research 2005-2017.

His work contributed to mapping the gene for craniofacial disorder Cherubism, the identification of the mutation in the myeloid signaling regulator SH3BP2, the mapping of the gene responsible for excess bone formation in craniometaphyseal dysplasia, and the identification of mutations in pyrophosphate transporter ANK and its regulation of bone mass.

Professor Olsen’s work on the genetics of vascular syndromes has led to identification of mutations governing pyrophosphate transport (ANK) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. These findings have led to unraveling of complex developmental and disease mechanisms at the intersection between skeletal and vascular biology, as well as highlighting the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the differentiation that mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts and bone marrow adipocytes

Professor Olsen has published over 400 papers. He is a member of the editorial boards of several journals, including the Journal of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Journal of Biological Chemistry, and Bone and Development. He has been editor-in-chief of Matrix Biology, and founder and editor-in-chief of BioMed Central’s Journal of Negative Results in Biomedicine. He held leadership positions in several professional organizations, including the International Society for Matrix Biology. Professor Olsen has received numerous honors and awards including Fell-Muir Award and Humboldt Research Award.\

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

عبد العلي محمد الودغيري2019

Professor Abdelali Mohamed Oudrhiri

 

Abdelali Oudrhiri completed his postgraduate studies at the University of Mohammed Ben Abdallah in Fez, the Sorbonne University in Paris, and the University of Mohammed V in Rabat. He received his master’s degree in linguistics in 1976, and then a doctorate in linguistics in 1986. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Islamic University of Niger, Secretary General of Moroccan Linguistic Union, and a founding member of the Union. He is also a member of several scientific societies and journals in Morocco and the Arab world.

Professor Oudrhiri published research and specialized language studies in Morocco and the Arab world. He also published dozens of literary, cultural, social and poetic texts in a number of newspapers, and cultural magazines. He is also the author of many literary and linguistic books. Moreover, he has several collections of poetry.

Professor Oudrhiri participated in dozens of scientific seminars and conferences inside and outside Morocco; in honor of his scientific efforts, he was awarded the Moroccan Book Award three times: (1977 – 1989 – 2014).

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

Mahmoud Fahmy Hegazi 2019

Professor Mahmoud Fahmy Hegazi

 

Fahmy Hegazi completed his bachelor’s degree at Cairo University in the Arabic Language Department in 1958, and his master’s degree in 1959. At the same time, he pursued all the courses of the German Language Department at the Al-Alsun School in the Ministry of Higher Education, where he mastered Dutch. He was the first Egyptian to teach Dutch in the general education schools in Egypt. He was then appointed as a lecturer in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature. Afterwards, he was sent to Germany to complete his doctoral studies in linguistics at the University of Munich.

He held several academic and administrative positions, including: President of the Egyptian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Chairman of the National Library and Archives, Professor of Linguistics and Head of Arabic Language and Literature at the Faculty of Arts and Director of Arabic Language Center at Cairo University, University of Budapest (Hungary), Amsterdam (Netherlands), and Lyon (France), and Visiting Professor of Postgraduate Studies at several Arab universities. Professor Hejazi was a Language Sciences instructor at the College of Arts, Cairo University, a member of the Arabic Language Academy in Cairo, the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Language Sciences in Cairo, and the Editor-in-Chief of the ZAL Journal in Erlangen, Germany. Professor Hegazi is the author of many books and research in Arabic Linguistic and Literature.

In recognition of his scientific efforts, he was awarded a number of decorations and awards, including the Federal Order of Merit of the First Class of Germany in 1997, the 1998 Cairo University Prize in Humanities, the State Prize for Literature in Egypt in 2000, and the 2013 Medal of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.

(Withheld)

The 2019G (1440H) King Faisal Prize for Islamic Studies (Topic: Studies on the Objectives of Islamic Law) has been withheld due to the lack of sufficiently meritorious nominations.

جامعة افريقيا العالمية 2019

International University of Africa

The university began with the Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies and gradually expanded until it reached twenty-two colleges, and three specialized centers.

The number of students now at the university has reached fifteen thousand and one hundred and ninety-one law students. The students’ body is 50 % Africans, 25% Asians and European, and 25% Sudanese.

The University is considered as the largest Sunni religious institution in sub-Saharan Africa. The university has fifteen colleges outside Sudan in Africa, China, and Turkey. In order to expand the scope of knowledge, culture, and advocacy, the University has established the Radio Africa station and the Al-Alamiya satellite channel.

The International African University has become a prominent foundation for Islamic sciences in the African continent. It has brought together most Muslim scholars in seminars and conferences and has become a role model for Islamic colleges and universities in Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya.

The University got a medal of achievement from the Republic of Sudan and the award for the scientific miracles in the Qur’an and the Sunnah in the science fields from Al-Azhar and several other awards.

This biography was written in the year the prize was awarded.